{"id":37639,"date":"2012-02-03T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2012-02-02T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pcb.ub.edu\/\/por-que-se-separan-los-genes\/"},"modified":"2020-11-16T16:17:04","modified_gmt":"2020-11-16T15:17:04","slug":"por-que-se-separan-los-genes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pcb.ub.edu\/es\/por-que-se-separan-los-genes\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 se separan los genes?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00bb<\/p>\n

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n

\t\t\tEn el genoma, los genes que codifican por prote\u00ednas similares y que se regulan conjuntamente suelen encontrarse cerca. Pero tambi\u00e9n hay genes que no tienen esta particularidad y, aun as\u00ed, se mantienen juntos en el genoma. Por qu\u00e9 se separan, o no, algunos genes, ligados ancestralmente en el genoma, es una inc\u00f3gnita que ahora tiene una nueva respuesta cient\u00edfica, gracias a este trabajo de investigaci\u00f3n. <\/p>\n

El genoma humano contiene muchas retrosecuencias, es decir, segmentos que son el resultado de la transcripci\u00f3n inversa del ARN y la integraci\u00f3n del nuevo ADN en nuevos puntos del genoma. La transcriptasa inversa, una enzima que tambi\u00e9n participa en la s\u00edntesis y el mantenimiento de los tel\u00f3meros (extremos de los cromosomas), es la responsable de este particular mecanismo molecular. <\/p>\n

Como primicia, el nuevo trabajo describe de qu\u00e9 manera la retrotransposici\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n ha permitido desligar genes que estaban pr\u00f3ximos desde hace millones de a\u00f1os en la escala evolutiva. \u00abHasta ahora, solo se conoc\u00edan dos mecanismos para separar genes: la duplicaci\u00f3n completa del genoma y la p\u00e9rdida de una copia, y la duplicaci\u00f3n en t\u00e1ndem y p\u00e9rdida de una de las copias, unos procesos moleculares que han tenido lugar en distintos momentos de la evoluci\u00f3n biol\u00f3gica. En el nuevo art\u00edculo, describimos por primera vez una nueva v\u00eda de separaci\u00f3n entre genes\u00bb, explica Jordi Garcia-Fern\u00e0ndez. <\/p>\n

M\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un art\u00edculo publicado en la revista Genome Research \u2013en el que ha participado el equipo del Reg-Volution Lab, que dirige el catedr\u00e1tico Jordi Garcia-Fern\u00e0ndez, del Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica y del Instituto de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), con sede en el Parc Cient\u00edfic Barcelona\u2013 demuestra, por primera vez, c\u00f3mo pueden separarse los genes a lo largo de los linajes evolutivos mediante el mecanismo de la retrotransposici\u00f3n, que es la s\u00edntesis de ADN a partir de ARN a trav\u00e9s de la transcriptasa inversa. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-sin-categorizar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 se separan los genes? 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