{"id":95587,"date":"2024-05-17T13:14:09","date_gmt":"2024-05-17T11:14:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pcb.ub.edu\/two-genes-of-the-germline-are-essential-for-the-development-of-brain-tumours-in-drosophila\/"},"modified":"2024-05-17T15:43:57","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T13:43:57","slug":"two-genes-of-the-germline-are-essential-for-the-development-of-brain-tumours-in-drosophila","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pcb.ub.edu\/en\/two-genes-of-the-germline-are-essential-for-the-development-of-brain-tumours-in-drosophila\/","title":{"rendered":"Two genes of the germline are essential for the development of brain tumours in Drosophila"},"content":{"rendered":"

Researchers at IRB Barcelona<\/a>, based in the Barcelona Science Park, have discovered that blocking two genes, TrxT and dhd, in the Drosophil<\/em>a fly brings about a significant reduction in brain tumours size. The study, published in the journal EMBO Reports, reveals important differences between tumours in male and female and how this often overlooked biological variable could impact cancer treatment.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Every cell in an organism carries an identical set of genetic instructions within its DNA. However, what determines whether a cell develops as a neuron, a muscle, or any other specific cell type lies in the activation or inactivation of specific genes in that particular cell. For instance, in the Drosophila<\/em> fly, the\u00a0TrxT\u00a0and\u00a0dhd\u00a0genes, which belong to the germline\u2014that is, they participate in the formation of sperm and eggs, respectively\u2014should be inactive in the brain.<\/p>\n

However, scientists led by\u00a0Dr. Cayetano Gonz\u00e1lez<\/strong>, ICREA researcher at IRB Barcelona, have discovered that\u00a0TrxT\u00a0and\u00a0dhd\u00a0are essential for the development of brain tumours. The inhibition of either of these two genes causes a partial reduction in the size of the tumours but simultaneous inhibition of both leads to a significantly greater decrease.<\/p>\n

Published in EMBO Reports, the study reveals that the two genes,\u00a0TrxT\u00a0and\u00a0dhd, which are not normally coexpressed, are unexpectedly activated in brain tumours in the Drosophila<\/em> fly. This abnormal activation leads to the development of aggressive tumours that invade surrounding tissues. Furthermore, the study uncovers disparities in the influence of genes, depending on whether the fly is male or female.<\/p>\n

“This study reveals new germline genes involved in tumour development and underlines the importance of considering sexual dimorphism (or difference between the sexes) in cancer research. Our findings further suggest that collaboration between several genes may offer new therapeutic strategies to address the disease more effectively in the future,” says\u00a0Dr. Gonz\u00e1lez<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\"\"

Germ line thioredoxins effect on somatic Drosophila tumours. Credit \/ IRB Barcelona<\/p><\/div>\n

The differences between sexes in cancer<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Differences in cancer incidence and progression between men and women have been known for decades, but a detailed understanding of sexual dimorphism in relation to cancer biology is still limited.<\/p>\n

TrxT\u00a0and\u00a0dhd, which are genes specific to the Drosophila<\/em> germline, are equally expressed in somatic tumours of males and females and their simultaneous inactivation leads to a significant reduction in tumour size, especially in males.<\/p>\n

This work points to a synergic effect between TrxT and dhd in the initial development of the tumour, while only TrxT\u00a0appears to be essential for the maintenance of the tumour once established.<\/p>\n

\u201cOur results suggest that the initial phases of tumour development and the growth of established tumours are two distinct phenomena that may depend on different molecular mechanisms,\u201d explains\u00a0Dr. Cristina Molnar<\/strong>, first author of the study.<\/p>\n

Germline genes as targets against cancer<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Called “cancer-germline” genes (or “cancer-testis” genes due to their initial discovery in the testes), the genes traditionally associated with the formation of sperm and eggs have been identified as key players in the pathogenesis of certain types of cancers, such as melanomas, lung carcinoma, and others.<\/p>\n

Given that the function of these genes is limited mainly to the production of sex cells, they are a particularly promising target for cancer treatment. Therefore, blocking them could result in minimal side effects, since the rest of the body’s cells would not be affected.<\/p>\n

While the researchers emphasize that this study does not directly lead to new cancer therapies, it offers valuable insight into the biological processes involved in tumour formation and growth that could pave the way for future research and the development of therapeutics.<\/p>\n

\u00bb Reference article:<\/strong>\u00a0Molnar C, Heinen JP, Reina J, Llamazares S, Palumbo E, Pollarolo G, Gonzalez C. “TrxT and dhd are dispensable for Drosophila brain development but essential for l(3)mbt brain tumour growth”. EMBO Rep. 2024 May 15.\u00a0DOI:\u00a010.1038\/s44319-024-00154-1<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00bb Link to the news:<\/strong> IRB Barcelona website[+]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Researchers at IRB Barcelona, based in the Barcelona Science Park, have discovered that blocking two genes, TrxT and dhd, in the Drosophila fly brings about a significant reduction in brain…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":95583,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-95587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-science"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTwo genes of the germline are essential for the development of brain tumours in Drosophila - Parc Cient\u00edfic de Barcelona<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pcb.ub.edu\/en\/two-genes-of-the-germline-are-essential-for-the-development-of-brain-tumours-in-drosophila\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Two genes of the germline are essential for the development of brain tumours in Drosophila - 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