{"id":49993,"date":"2017-08-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-08-27T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pcb.ub.edu\/histone-1-the-guardian-of-genome-stability\/"},"modified":"2020-11-18T15:10:00","modified_gmt":"2020-11-18T14:10:00","slug":"histone-1-the-guardian-of-genome-stability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pcb.ub.edu\/en\/histone-1-the-guardian-of-genome-stability\/","title":{"rendered":"Histone 1, the guardian of genome stability"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The study, published in Nature Communications, reveals that the\u00a0Histone 1 \u2013 \u00a0the least known of the five histones\u2013\u00a0silences a region of the genome that causes irreparable DNA damage when translated and is lethal for the organism.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Although histone 1 is key component of chromatin \u2013the form in which DNA is packaged inside the cell nucleus through the action of histones\u2013,\u00a0there are still many questions open regarding this molecule,&#8221; says\u00a0Ferran Azor\u00edn,\u00a0head of the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.irbbarcelona.org\/en\/research\/chromatin-structure-and-function\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chromatin Structure and Function\u00a0<\/a>group at\u00a0IRB Barcelona and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.csic.es\/presentacion\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CSIC<\/a>\u00a0research professor. \u00a0&#8220;Regarding the other histones, which are major proteins in the regulation of gene expression, we know which enzymes modify them, their functions, and how they are regulated&#8230; But for some reason, the functions of histone 1 have not been addressed,&#8221; he adds.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The study explains for the first time that the suppression of histone 1 causes cell damage and genomic instability (DNA damage). The deregulation of a commonly suppressed region of chromatin, called heterochromatin, leads to defects in information transcription, which in turn gives rise to the accumulation of DNA and RNA hybrids, the so-called R-loops, which are lethal.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The deregulation of heterochromatin has disastrous consequences,&#8221; explains\u00a0Jordi Bernu\u00e9s, associate researcher in Azor\u00edn\u2019s group and coleader of the study. \u00a0Furthermore, the team also observed that, in the presence of histone 1, these problems did not arise in spite of heterochromatin expression. &#8220;Histone 1 not only serves as a repressor but also actively contributes to the removal of R-loops&#8221;. However, the researchers do not know how this function comes about. &#8220;The mechanism is what we want to study, how histone 1 prevents the mechanism from causing damage,&#8221; explains IRB Barcelona PhD student\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.irbbarcelona.org\/en\/profile\/anna-casas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u200b\u200b<\/a>Anna Casas-Lamesa, co-first author of the article together with\u00a0Aleix Bayona-Feliu.<\/p>\n<p>In addition to exploring the mechanisms through which histone 1 keeps heterochromatin in check and prevents R-loop formation, Anna Casas-Lamesa is also addressing the involvement of this molecule in cancer. Preliminary experiments in cultured tumour cells confirm that the genomic instability present in these cells is partly caused by histone 1 deficiency. &#8220;But we have to further study the functions of this histone, identify the other proteins with which it is associated, and determine the enzymes that modify it and why and the cell signalling pathways involved,&#8221; explain the scientists.<\/p>\n<p>\n<strong>\u25ba\u00a0For further information:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.irbbarcelona.org\/en\/news\/histone-1-the-guardian-of-genome-stability\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">IRB website [+]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u25ba\u00a0Reference article:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Aleix Bayona-Feliu, Anna Casas-Lamesa, Oscar Reina, Jordi Bernu\u00e9s and Fernando Azor\u00edn. &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-017-00338-5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Linker histone H1 prevents R-loop accumulation and genome instability in heterochromatin<\/a>&#8220;.\u00a0Nature Communications (2017).\u00a0doi: 10.1038\/s41467-017-00338-5<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Scientists from\u00a0the Institute for Research in Biomedicine\u00a0(<a href=\"http:\/\/www.pcb.ub.edu\/portal\/en\/cerca?p_p_id=cercador_WAR_empleatsempresesportlet&amp;p_p_lifecycle=0&amp;p_p_state=maximized&amp;p_p_mode=view&amp;p_p_col_id=column-1&amp;p_p_col_count=1&amp;_cercador_WAR_empleatsempresesportlet_jspPage=%2Fhtml%2Fcommon%2Fdetall-empresa.jsp&amp;_cercador_WAR_empleatsempresesportlet_empresaId=ENT_000001&amp;_cercador_WAR_empleatsempresesportlet_redirect=%2Fportal%2Fca%2Fcerca%3Fp_p_id%3Dcercador_WAR_empleatsempresesportlet%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26_cercador_WAR_empleatsempresesportlet_keywords%3Dirb%26_cercador_WAR_empleatsempresesportlet_tab%3D1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">IRB Barcelona<\/a>) at the Barcelona Science Park, headed by Ferran Azor\u00edn, have discovered why histone 1 is a major protection factor against genomic instability and a vital protein for the organism.\u00a0Genomic instability is the main risk factor for tumour development in humans. Therefore understanding its origin and exploring therapeutic targets is paramount.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":54940,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-49993","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Histone 1, the guardian of genome stability - Parc Cient\u00edfic de Barcelona<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pcb.ub.edu\/en\/histone-1-the-guardian-of-genome-stability\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Histone 1, the guardian of genome stability - Parc Cient\u00edfic de Barcelona\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Scientists from\u00a0the Institute for Research in Biomedicine\u00a0(IRB Barcelona) at the Barcelona Science Park, headed by Ferran Azor\u00edn, have discovered why histone 1 is a major protection factor against genomic instability and a vital protein for the organism.\u00a0Genomic instability is the main risk factor for tumour development in humans. 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